Tetrandrine

**Tetrandrine** is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the root of *Stephania tetrandra* S. Moore (Menispermaceae family). First isolated in 1932, it has since become a subject of pharmacological interest due to its unique molecular structure and observed bioactivities in experimental models.  

**Key Research Findings:**  

• **Calcium Channel Modulation:** Demonstrated L-type calcium channel blocking activity in cellular studies, suggesting potential cardiovascular research applications.  

• **Anti-inflammatory Effects:** Shown to inhibit NF-κB and other inflammatory mediators in preclinical models.  

• **Fibrosis Research:** Investigated for possible antifibrotic effects in lung and liver tissue studies.  

**Current Scientific Status:**  

- Used as a reference standard in pharmacological research (≥98% purity available)  

- Subject of ongoing investigations into its molecular mechanisms  

- Not currently approved as a therapeutic agent in major regulated markets  

**Important Considerations:**  

1. **Evidence Level:** While over 1,000 studies reference tetrandrine, nearly all data come from in vitro or animal models.  

2. **Safety Profile:** Shows dose-dependent effects in research settings; comprehensive human safety data remains limited.  

3. **Regulatory Position:** Classified as an investigational compound, not a dietary ingredient or approved drug in most jurisdictions.  

**Research Directions:**  

Scientists are particularly examining:  

- Structure-activity relationships among bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids  

- Potential synergistic effects with other compounds  

- Pharmacokinetic properties and metabolite formation  

**Conclusion:**  

Tetrandrine serves as an important research compound for understanding alkaloid pharmacology. While chemically characterized and mechanistically interesting, its translational potential requires rigorous clinical validation.